Mock Test Geography for TPSC JRBT and other Exam
Mark-100 Time-50 Minute
Chung Sajak
1. What is the longest day in the Northern Hemisphere?
A) March 21
B) December 22
C) June 21
D) July 4
2. Which date marks the shortest day in the Northern Hemisphere?
A) June 21
B) September 23
C) December 22
D) January 3
3. On which date are day and night nearly equal everywhere on Earth?
A) June 21
B) March 21
C) December 22
D) January 3
4. The Earth revolves around the Sun in an orbit that is:
A) Circular
B) Square
C) Elliptical
D) Rectangular
5. How long does the Earth take to complete one revolution around the Sun?
A) 364 days
B) 365 days
C) 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes, and 45.51 seconds
D) 366 days
6. What causes the change of seasons on Earth?
A) Earth’s rotation
B) Earth’s revolution
C) Earth’s magnetic field
D) Ocean currents
7. Which of the following is NOT a result of Earth’s revolution?
A) Change of seasons
B) Day and night
C) Variation in day length
D) Shifting of wind belts
8. Why are days and nights almost equal at the equator throughout the year?
A) Equator is nearest to the Sun
B) Equator receives indirect sunlight
C) Equator’s position leads to uniform solar exposure
D) Equator does not rotate
9. What is Earth’s average orbital velocity during its revolution around the Sun?
A) 29.79 km/h
B) 29.79 km/s
C) 1667 km/h
D) 365 km/s
10. What is a leap year introduced to correct?
A) Earth’s axial tilt
B) Rotational velocity
C) Extra time in Earth’s revolution
D) Changes in magnetic field
11. A lunar eclipse occurs when:
A) Sun comes between Earth and Moon
B) Earth comes between Sun and Moon
C) Moon comes between Sun and Earth
D) None of the above
12. A lunar eclipse can occur only on which phase of the Moon?
A) New Moon
B) Crescent Moon
C) Half Moon
D) Full Moon
13. A solar eclipse can occur only on which phase of the Moon?
A) Full Moon
B) Half Moon
C) New Moon
D) Gibbous Moon
14. Why don’t eclipses happen every month?
A) The Moon changes its speed
B) The Earth is too far from the Sun
C) The Moon’s orbital plane is tilted
D) The Sun moves too fast
15. What causes the red appearance of the Moon during a total lunar eclipse?
A) Moon’s surface becomes hot
B) Sunlight reflects from oceans
C) Scattering of red light by Earth’s atmosphere
D) Presence of red dust on Moon
16. Which of the following is NOT a type of solar eclipse?
A) Total Solar Eclipse
B) Partial Solar Eclipse
C) Annular Solar Eclipse
D) Penumbral Solar Eclipse
17. During a total solar eclipse, which part of the Sun becomes visible?
A) Photosphere
B) Corona
C) Chromosphere
D) Core
18. Which celestial body’s shadow causes a solar eclipse on Earth?
A) Earth
B) Moon
C) Sun
D) Mars
19. What is the term for the perfect alignment of Sun, Earth, and Moon during an eclipse?
A) Perigee
B) Syzygy
C) Aphelion
D) Equinox
20. Which eclipse is visible from a larger area on Earth?
A) Total Solar Eclipse
B) Partial Solar Eclipse
C) Lunar Eclipse
D) Annular Solar Eclipse
21. Which layer of the Earth is capable of supporting life?
A. Core
B. Mantle
C. Lithosphere
D. Asthenosphere
22. The boundary between the Earth’s crust and mantle is known as:
A. Gutenberg Discontinuity
B. Repetti Discontinuity
C. Mohorovičić Discontinuity
D. Lehmann Discontinuity
23. What is the approximate thickness of the Earth’s crust?
A. 10 km
B. 100 km
C. 30 km
D. 70 km
24. The Earth’s mantle is primarily made up of:
A. Iron and nickel
B. Silicate rocks rich in iron and magnesium
C. Liquid magma only
D. Granite and basalt only
25. Which of the following discontinuities separates the mantle and the core?
A. Moho
B. Lehmann
C. Repetti
D. Gutenberg-Wiechert
26. What is the approximate thickness of the Earth’s core?
A. 1,000 km
B. 2,000 km
C. 3,400 km
D. 6,000 km
27. The Repetti Discontinuity separates:
A. Crust and mantle
B. Mantle and core
C. Inner and outer core
D. Upper and lower mantle
28. The Earth’s core is primarily composed of:
A. Basalt and granite
B. Iron and nickel
C. Silica and magnesium
D. Sand and clay
29. Which layer occupies the largest volume of the Earth?
A. Crust
B. Mantle
C. Core
D. Lithosphere
30. The solid innermost layer of the Earth is called the:
A. Outer core
B. Mantle
C. Inner core
D. Lithosphere
31.What is the point inside the Earth where an earthquake originates called?
a) Epicentre
b) Seismic focus (Hypocentre)
c) Fault line
d) Mantle
32.What is the epicentre of an earthquake?
a) The point inside Earth where the quake starts
b) The place where aftershocks occur
c) The point on Earth’s surface directly above the focus
d) The area where tectonic plates meet
33.Which instrument is used to record the seismic waves produced by an earthquake?
a) Barometer
b) Seismograph
c) Thermometer
d) Spectrometer
34.The magnitude of an earthquake is measured on which scale?
a) Beaufort Scale
b) Mercalli Scale
c) Richter Scale
d) Fujita Scale
35.Which scale is used to measure the intensity or damage caused by an earthquake?
a) Richter Scale
b) Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale
c) Mohs Scale
d) Celsius Scale
36.What is a tsunami?
a) A volcanic eruption
b) A large sea wave caused by underwater earthquakes
c) A sudden earthquake on land
d) A type of landslide
37.Which region is known as the ‘Ring of Fire’ due to frequent earthquakes and volcanic activity?
a) Atlantic Ocean
b) Pacific Ocean
c) Indian Ocean
d) Arctic Ocean
38.Why do earthquakes not occur every month despite the moon’s orbit?
a) Because the moon’s orbit is tilted about 5 degrees to Earth’s orbit
b) Because the Earth moves away from the moon every month
c) Because earthquakes only occur near the equator
d) Because the moon does not affect earthquakes
39.How long does an average earthquake tremor last?
a) Several hours
b) Few seconds to minutes
c) Days
d) Weeks
40.Which discontinuity separates the Earth’s mantle and core?
a) Mohorovicic Discontinuity
b) Gutenberg-Wiechert Discontinuity
c) Repetti Discontinuity
d) Conrad Discontinuity
41.What is magma?
a) Molten rock on the Earth’s surface
b) Molten rock beneath the Earth’s surface
c) Solid rock inside volcanoes
d) Gases released by volcanoes
42.What is lava?
a) Molten rock beneath the Earth’s surface
b) Molten rock after it reaches the surface
c) Solidified magma inside Earth
d) Ash released during eruption
43.Which type of volcano is the least explosive?
a) Composite volcano
b) Cinder cone volcano
c) Shield volcano
d) Basalt plateau volcano
44.Shield volcanoes are characterized by:
a) Steep slopes and explosive eruptions
b) Small size and cinder deposits
c) Large size and gentle, fluid lava flows
d) Alternating layers of ash and lava
45.What causes cinder cone volcanoes to form?
a) Slow lava flow
b) Large amounts of gas buildup in magma
c) Thick lava flows
d) Erosion of volcanic ash
46.Composite volcanoes are also known as:
a) Shield volcanoes
b) Stratovolcanoes
c) Basalt plateaus
d) Cinder cones
47.Which volcano type is typically the tallest?
a) Cinder cone
b) Basalt plateau
c) Shield volcano
d) Composite volcano
48.Which component makes some volcanoes more explosive?
a) Low water content in magma
b) High silica and water content in magma
c) Low gas content
d) Thin crust
49.Mount Fuji in Japan is an example of which type of volcano?
a) Shield volcano
b) Composite volcano
c) Cinder cone volcano
d) Basalt plateau volcano
50.Which type of volcanic eruption involves horizontal lava flows covering large areas?
a) Cinder cone eruption
b) Composite eruption
c) Basalt plateau eruption
d) Explosive eruption
51. What is an active volcano?
A) A volcano that has never erupted
B) A volcano that erupts periodically
C) A volcano that has been inactive for millions of years
D) A volcano that is extinct
52. Which of the following is an example of an active volcano?
A) Mount Kilimanjaro
B) Mount Fuji
C) Mauna Loa
D) Barren Island
53. What defines a dormant volcano?
A) A volcano that erupts every year
B) A volcano that has not erupted for a long time but may erupt again
C) A volcano that has never erupted
D) A volcano that erupted millions of years ago and is now extinct
54. Which volcano is considered dormant?
A) Mount Vesuvius
B) Mount Fuji
C) Mount Etna
D) Stromboli
55. What is an extinct volcano?
A) A volcano with continuous eruptions
B) A volcano that will erupt soon
C) A volcano that has no historical eruptions and is unlikely to erupt again
D) A volcano that erupts every few years
56. Which of the following is an extinct volcano?
A) Krakatoa
B) Mount Kilimanjaro
C) Mauna Loa
D) Mount St. Helens
57. Where are most of the world’s active volcanoes located?
A) Mid-Atlantic Ridge
B) Along convergent (destructive) plate boundaries
C) In the middle of tectonic plates
D) Near the equator only
58. What percentage of active volcanoes are found along divergent (constructive) plate boundaries?
A) 15%
B) 50%
C) 80%
D) 100%
59. Which of these volcanoes is NOT an example of an active volcano?
A) Stromboli
B) Mauna Loa
C) Mount Kilimanjaro
D) Mount Etna
60. The “Ring of Fire” is associated with which type of volcanic activity?
A) Extinct volcanoes
B) Volcanoes along convergent plate boundaries
C) Volcanoes along divergent plate boundaries
D) Dormant volcanoes only
61.What type of mountain is formed due to the folding of the Earth’s crust under compressional forces?
a) Block Mountain
b) Volcanic Mountain
c) Fold Mountain
d) Plateau
62.Which of the following is an example of a fold mountain?
a) Great African Rift Valley
b) Himalayas
c) Mount Fuji
d) Deccan Plateau
63.Block mountains are primarily formed due to:
a) Volcanic activity
b) Folding of rocks
c) Faulting caused by tensional forces
d) Sediment deposition
64.The Great African Rift Valley is an example of:
a) Fold Mountain
b) Block Mountain
c) Volcanic Mountain
d) Plateau
65.Volcanic mountains are primarily formed by:
a) Folding of crustal rocks
b) Faulting of the crust
c) Accumulation of erupted volcanic material
d) Sedimentary processes
66.Which mountain is a famous example of a volcanic mountain?
a) Alps
b) Andes
c) Mount Fuji
d) Rockies
67.A plateau is defined as:
a) A high, flat elevated landform with steep sides
b) A lowland area surrounded by mountains
c) A small hill formed by volcanic activity
d) A valley between two fold mountains
68.Which type of plateau is formed by repeated lava flows?
a) Tectonic Plateau
b) Volcanic Plateau
c) Erosional Plateau
d) Structural Plateau
69.What type of plain is formed by sediments deposited by rivers?
a) Structural Plain
b) Depositional Plain
c) Erosional Plain
d) Glacial Plain
70.Which of the following is NOT a type of mountain?
a) Fold Mountain
b) Block Mountain
c) Volcanic Mountain
d) Glacial Mountain
71.Which of the following elements is the most abundant in the Earth’s crust?
a) Iron
b) Oxygen
c) Calcium
d) Magnesium
72.Igneous rocks form from:
a) Compacted sediments
b) Cooling and solidification of magma
c) Alteration of existing rocks by heat and pressure
d) Evaporation of minerals from water
73.Which type of igneous rock cools rapidly on the Earth’s surface?
a) Intrusive rocks
b) Extrusive rocks
c) Metamorphic rocks
d) Sedimentary rocks
74.Granite is an example of which type of rock?
a) Sedimentary
b) Metamorphic
c) Extrusive igneous
d) Intrusive igneous
75.Which of the following rocks is formed from the deposition of sediments?
a) Basalt
b) Limestone
c) Marble
d) Gneiss
76.Metamorphic rocks are formed due to:
a) Cooling of magma
b) Deposition of sediments
c) Heat and pressure altering existing rocks
d) Volcanic eruption
77.Which rock is formed when shale undergoes metamorphism?
a) Quartzite
b) Slate
c) Marble
d) Basalt
78.Which of the following is NOT a type of sedimentary rock?
a) Sandstone
b) Coal shale
c) Diorite
d) Gypsum
79.Which of these rocks is classified as a metamorphic rock?
a) Basalt
b) Sandstone
c) Gneiss
d) Rhyolite
80.The process by which sediment layers accumulate and harden into rock is called:
a) Metamorphism
b) Erosion
c) Sedimentation
d) Crystallization
81.Which two gases make up about 99% of the Earth’s atmosphere?
a) Oxygen and Carbon dioxide
b) Nitrogen and Oxygen
c) Nitrogen and Argon
d) Oxygen and Hydrogen
82. The lowest layer of the atmosphere where all weather phenomena occur is called:
a) Stratosphere
b) Mesosphere
c) Troposphere
d) Thermosphere
83. The layer of the atmosphere that contains the ozone layer is the:
a) Troposphere
b) Stratosphere
c) Mesosphere
d) Thermosphere
84. What is the approximate thickness of the troposphere over the equator?
a) 5 km
b) 10 km
c) 16 km
d) 25 km
85. Which layer of the atmosphere is also known as the ionosphere?
a) Troposphere
b) Stratosphere
c) Thermosphere
d) Exosphere
86. Temperature in the troposphere:
a) Increases with height
b) Decreases with height
c) Remains constant
d) Varies randomly
87. The upper limit of the troposphere is called the:
a) Stratopause
b) Tropopause
c) Mesopause
d) Exopause
88. Which atmospheric layer has the highest temperature?
a) Troposphere
b) Stratosphere
c) Thermosphere
d) Mesosphere
89. What happens to the ozone layer in the stratosphere?
a) It absorbs infrared radiation
b) It reflects radio waves
c) It absorbs ultraviolet rays
d) It causes thunderstorms
90. The exosphere is:
a) The lowest layer of the atmosphere
b) The layer where most weather occurs
c) The outermost layer merging into space
d) The layer containing the ozone
91. What causes wind to blow on the Earth’s surface?
A) Difference in humidity
B) Difference in temperature only
C) Difference in air pressure
D) Difference in sunlight intensity
92. From where do the Trade Winds blow in the Northern Hemisphere?
A) Southeast
B) Southwest
C) Northeast
D) Northwest
93. Which wind belt is located between 30° and 60° latitude?
A) Trade Winds
B) Westerlies
C) Polar Easterlies
D) Monsoon Winds
94. Which of the following is true about Polar Winds?
A) Blow from equator to poles
B) Blow from poles to subpolar low pressure belts
C) Blow from west to east
D) Are warm winds
95. What is the main reason for the formation of planetary winds?
A) Rotation of the Earth only
B) Uneven heating of the Earth’s surface
C) Ocean currents
D) Moon’s gravitational pull
96. Which wind belt is also called the “Horse Latitudes”?
A) Equatorial Low Pressure Belt
B) Subtropical High Pressure Belt
C) Subpolar Low Pressure Belt
D) Polar High Pressure Belt
97. Which winds blow from the southeast in the Southern Hemisphere?
A) Southeast Trade Winds
B) Westerlies
C) South-East Polar Winds
D) Monsoon Winds
98. Why are the Westerlies stronger in the Southern Hemisphere?
A) More landmass to obstruct winds
B) Less landmass to obstruct winds
C) Stronger sunlight in winter
D) Presence of polar ice caps
99. What is the name of the zone where trade winds from both hemispheres meet?
A) Subtropical High Pressure Belt
B) Polar Front
C) Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)
D) Horse Latitudes
100. Which wind belt is characterized by very cold winds blowing from the poles?
A) Trade Winds
B) Westerlies
C) Polar Easterlies
D) Monsoon Winds
